Which of the following is a fundamental taste?

Umami is recognized as one of the five fundamental tastes, which also include sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. It is often described as a savory or broth-like flavor, primarily attributed to the presence of glutamate, an amino acid found in many foods such as meat, cheese, and certain vegetables. The recognition of umami has significant implications in culinary practices, as it influences how flavors are balanced and combined in cooking.

Sour is indeed a fundamental taste; however, umami represents a more complex taste sensation that has been scientifically studied and validated as distinct from just sour. Peppermint is categorized as a flavor rather than a taste, as it primarily involves olfactory sensations rather than the basic taste receptors on the tongue. Spicy refers to a sensation of heat produced by certain compounds found in foods, like capsaicin in chili peppers, and is more about pain and pungency than a distinct taste profile.