Which of the following constitutes the majority of beer by weight?

Water constitutes the majority of beer by weight, typically making up about 90-95% of the total composition. This high percentage is essential because water acts as the solvent that extracts flavors, aromas, and sugars from the malt during the brewing process. The mineral content of the water can also significantly influence the flavor profile of the beer, affecting everything from the perceived mouthfeel to the taste.

Alcohol, while an important component, represents only a smaller fraction of the beer's weight—usually around 3-8% for most beers. Sugar, primarily from malted grains, is a vital ingredient for fermentation but does not dominate the weight composition as much as water. Hops, used for bitterness and aroma, are present in relatively minor quantities compared to the large volume of water, making it less significant in terms of overall weight in the final product.