What does the bitterness level of a beer often depend on?

The bitterness level of a beer is primarily influenced by the type and amount of hops added during brewing. Hops contain compounds known as alpha acids, which contribute to the bitterness of the beer. When hops are boiled during the brewing process, these alpha acids are released, and the degree of bitterness is directly related to both the variety of hops used and the quantity added.

Different hop varieties have varying levels of bitterness potential, and certain hops are bred specifically for their high alpha acid content. Additionally, the timing of when hops are added during the boiling process can also affect bitterness. Hops added early in the boil contribute more to bitterness, while those added later typically provide more aroma and flavor.

While fermentation time, the amount of sugar used, and the type of malt can impact other characteristics of the beer, such as sweetness, flavor complexity, and overall balance, they do not play a direct role in determining the bitterness level, making the contribution of hops the most significant factor.